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The McKinsey Way读后感100字

The McKinsey Way读后感100字

《The McKinsey Way》是一本由Ethan Rasiel著作,McGraw-Hill出版的Hardcover图书,本书定价:230.00元,页数:187,特精心收集的读后感,希望对大家能有帮助。

《The McKinsey Way》读后感(一):套路不止得人心

麦肯锡之名如雷贯耳,终于狠心花了90大洋在孔夫子上淘了一本二手原版《The Mckinsey Way》,就着网上下载的中文版本,慢吞吞终于摸完了。

看完之后,发现这不是一部关于方法论的书籍,文不符名。

其实工作这么久,也大概认识到,许多事情,工作中也好,生活中也罢,都是讲究方法论的,甚至是形而上的体验、感悟的形成,也是有方法论的,俗话说就是套路。

所以所谓的捷径也许就是通晓套路罢了。

而这本书并没有给出全球最精英的那群人工作中的可操性强的方法论,反而是一些虚头巴脑的感悟,一些体验,一些建议。

其实更重要的是,全球最优秀的那群人,在搞咨询的那群人,对全世界所有行业所有公司也好单位也好指手画脚的那群人,他们的思维方式。

感兴趣的可以在知乎上搜一搜MBB相关的讯息,也适时仰望一下那些空中飞人们的存在,不过不要过度,以免把自己看得太低。

书中令我映象最深,收获最大的,也许就是“三”这个字眼。

作者强调,麦肯锡特别中意三这个数字,因为分析任何问题,首先将其瓜分成关联因素最大的三组分,然后再用穷尽法细分每一个子项目。

打个比方,一个公司的亏损,果敢地、了当地引出三条线,成本过高、销量太低、环境因素,然后细分成本里面人工成本,研发成本,宣传成本等等。

再比如,要打赢一场DOTA比赛,三个最关键的影响因素,自身水平、队友、对手。

当然,在分析事件的时候,有一些原则需要遵守,比如MECE,Mutually Exclusive Collectively Exhaustive, 相互独立,完全穷尽。

二八原则啊,问题不会永远是问题啊这些。

其实一本书,除开权威性构建知识系统类的架构书,能偶得一两句,一两个观点,一两种方法,便已是幸事。

读书是要慢慢读,不断读,不断架构自己的方法论,形成世界观的过程,所以最好能读所有类型的书,然后量的积累,量变,不管质不质变,都还不错。

耳闻麦肯锡还有一本纯方法论的书,有空等当当打个猛折再一起买吧,适才点开当当,总价1958的书籍正嗷嗷待哺地在购物车里等着我结账呢没办法,谁叫咱穷。

《The McKinsey Way》读后感(二):怪不得是经典

最近自己也如愿以偿,踏入了咨询行业,做一只职场菜鸟。

这本Mckinsey Way语言非常简单易懂,讲得东西也是一些宏观、方法论,所以比较适合希望短时间对咨询工作有大概的了解的人。推荐系数:4星。

减1星在于 1.书的观点、例子、方法论都是1999年的事情了,存在过时的地方; 2. 和许多其他麦肯锡的书一样,透漏着浓浓的推销麦肯锡的目的。所以真的麦肯锡咨询制胜的秘诀肯定不会就这样告诉你 (比如TA只会告诉你,麦肯锡有自己一套分析并购的方法论哦,但是不会告诉你是什么); 3. 鉴于书中所有例子都基于对麦肯锡内部员工的一些访谈(某几个人的观点长期上线,贯穿整本书),观点存在着偏颇。

书里面提到了很多方法论不仅适用于咨询,其实对所有追求效率、在工作中需要problem-solving的人都会有帮助,下面就为同样是咨询职场菜鸟的读者,分别总结一下书里提到的几个我觉得最有帮助的方法。

【适用于咨询职场菜鸟, like me】

80/20法则,尤其不要“为了分析而分析”

80/20法则相信很多人都听过了,也叫做Pareto Principle, 起初是意大利的经济学家Pareto发现意大利20%的人口控制着80%的土地,后来各个领域的研究者或者职业人都在自己的领域发现了类似80/20的存在。比如1992的联合国开发计划署的报告就指出,全球20%的人口控制着世界82.7%的财富。

多的不说,80/20法则也不一定是精确的80%与20%,但是它就像是正态分布一样,在很多人类社会的许多方面都存在。应用在工作中,就是“80%的工作成果来自于20%的努力”。 提醒着人们,要有方向性的去努力,不要广撒网,也不要“为了分析而分析”。举个例子,解决事情A,需要知识B。那么如果google一篇文章就可以掌握解决问题A需要的B知识程度,就不要去花时间读一本精讲知识B的书。求知欲强是一件好事,但是作为一个consultant,你多花在解决问题的非必要时间,都增加了客户和公司的成本。

所以,常常停下来,反思自己的项目的初衷、项目进展,会很有帮助。

高效解决问题的三个关键:找事实、打结构、想假设(Fact-based, Rigidly structured, Hypothesis-driven)

咨询行业往往在开始一个新项目的初期,都是和客户不断交流,尝试定义所要解决问题的过程。中期是不断收集数据与事实,寻找问题答案的过程(会不断和客户交流:推翻又重建答案)。无论是哪一个过程,找事实、打结构、想假设都很重要。

举个例子,在和客户开会的时候,想要快速得到有用的信息,不要问客户:“你是怎么想的”,要问:“基于A已有事实,我们认为A问题的根源在于B,你觉得呢”。这样客户首先肯定或否定了你的假设(有用信息+1),其次给出了TA肯定或者否定的原因,而这通常反映了是TA做生意的重要考量因素(有用信息+2)。而第一种问法,你可能只会得到一些零碎的片面的想法。

要能够做到第二种问法,你就需要在前期找事实、打结构、想假设。

咨询常用打结构的方法有很多,也视具体问题而定,但是都遵循一个原则: MECE (mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive). 你的结构要能穷尽所有可能的方面,并且每一个分点之间不会重复。这里举一个非常简单的例子:研究销售额为什么下降的问题,你的分析结构可以是销售额 = 销量 * 单价,也可以分地区 销售额 = 美国销售额 + 其他地区销售额,但不可以是 “销售额为什么下降 = 市场营销策略有误 + 市场竞争变激烈了”。

顺带说一下,个人认为每家咨询公司以及每个咨询精英的核心竞争力之一,就是其所独有的关于某一个领域、某一种问题的“打结构”的方法。所以TA们在解决问题的时候才能事半功倍,有竞争优势。比如麦肯锡常年下来,一定积累了很多分析问题的经验和结构框架。任何一个麦肯锡员工,都可以轻易的站在前人的肩膀上,进行分析。

打好结构以后,就要去想假设。但是假设也不是拍脑袋地想,而是在“找事实”的帮助下,去找到你的假设。最后你的成品应该类似是这样:

credit to: http://faculty.msb.edu/homak/homahelpsite/webhelp/Content/Sample_Bank_ROI_Issue_Tree.htm

说起来简单,但是,事实上,我发现很难这么完美地去解决一个咨询项目。

原因很多,比如因为:

- 打结构:假设面对一家螺丝厂来找公司找到提高利润的的方法,职场菜鸟的我缺乏专业领域知识(比如供应链成本结构)、不了解行业特性(比如螺丝厂的商业模式严重依赖地区产业的发展);

- 找事实:当然为了打好结构,我可以放手去找事实,弥补我所需要了解的信息。但是 1. 我不知道如何在有限的时间里面高效低找到、并吸收我所需要的信息; 2. 在公司维度上讲,很多咨询公司没有麦肯锡积累下来的庞大内部数据库+经验分享;

- 做假设:前两步都困难重重了,根本不知道要做什么假设呀。

这个时候,对于职场菜鸟来说,个人总结的最好的办法就是:1. 搜刮公司历史案例数据库,找找同一种客户,以前我们都做过什么框架和假设; 2. 依赖团队的专家; 3. 学会提问,学会抓重点,学会work with ambiguity.

这样,才能在和客户的交流中,快准狠地知道 1. “你不知道什么“ (know what you don't know); 2. 客户的行业特性、所需要你了解的专业领域知识; 3. 客户和团队对你的期待 等。

总的来说,就是一个好的咨询大概需要:专业领域知识、咨询能力(沟通、EQ、合作能力等)、硬实力(比如建模、数据分析等)。当然视乎具体行业会有所不同。

就我个人而言,作为职场菜鸟,因为上述能力都有待提升,所以在应用上述方法论的时候还是会有困难,只能边工作边努力提升能力阈值了。

以上是适用于【职场菜鸟】的方法论集合,但是Mckinsey Way也提及了一些适合咨询经理级别的方法论,我觉得也很意思,如果有空,下次就再总结一下。

感谢阅读! 期待交流!

《The McKinsey Way》读后感(三):Notes of 'The McKinsey Way'

The McKinsey Way – Ethan M. Rasiel

I Think about business problems

Fact-based (compensate for lack of gut instinct, bridge the credibility gap)

Rigidly structured (MECE; issue list: 2<=#<=5; include ‘Other Issues’)

Hypothesis-driven

Work on the RIGHT problem;

Use framework;

Base on facts, do not let facts fit into your hypothesis;

Make sure your solution fit the client; Politics.

80/20 rule;

Do not boil the ocean;

Find the key drivers;

Elevator test (explain the key idea in 30 seconds);

Pluck the low-hanging fruit;

Hit singles; (just do what you are supposed to do and get it right; don't try to do the work of the whole team. Why? It's impossible to do everything yourself all the time. If you manage it once, you raise unrealistic expectations from those around you. Once you fail to meet expectations, it is very difficult to regain credibility.)

Look at the big picture;

Just say 'I don't know';

Don't accept 'I have no idea'.

II Work to solve business problems

Do not overpromise to your client. (Don't bite off more than you and your team can chew and know what your end product is going to be.)

Team: take your team's temperature; steer a steady course; let your teammates know why they are doing what they are doing; treat your teammates with respect; get to know your teammates as people; when the going gets tough, take the Bill Clinton approach-tell your team truth, 'I feel your pain.' At some point, you have to soldier on; that's life.

Boss: Make your boss look good. First, do your job to the best of your ability, which will make your boss's job easier; second, make sure your boss knows everything you know when she needs to know it.

Research: Do not reinvent the wheel. 1) Start with the annual report; 2) Look for outliers; 3) Look for best practice.

Interview:

Write an interview guide.

When deciding on which questions to ask, you might want to include some to which you know the answer. On questions of fact, asking a 'ringer' will give you some insights into the interviewee's honesty and/or knowledge. For complex issues, you may think you 'know' the answer, but there may be more than one; you should find out as many as possible.

When you have asked all your questions, or you are running out of time, put away your guide and ask the interviewee if there is anything else he'd like to tell you or any question you forgot to ask.

Always let the interviewee know you are listening, either through 'yes', 'I see', 'uh-huh' or body language (lean toward the interviewee slightly, nod, take notes).

7 tips:

1) Have the interviewee's boss set up the meeting.

2) Interview in pairs.

3) Listen; don't lead.

4) Paraphrase, paraphrase, paraphrase.

5) Use the indirect approach. (Be sensitive to the interviewee's feelings)

6) Do not ask for too much.

7) Adopt the Columbo tactic (If there is a particular question you need the answer to, or a piece of data that you want, the Columbo tactic is often a good way to get it. Once the interview is over, everybody becomes more relaxed. The interviewee's sense that you have some power over him will have disappeared. He is far less likely to be defensive, and will often tell you what you need or give you the information you seek on the spot).

Try 'Super-Columbo' tactic. (Instead of turning around the door, wait until a day or two has passed, then drop by the interviewee's office. You were just passing by and remembered a question you forgot to ask. Again, this makes you much less threatening and makes it more likely that you will get the information you need)

Always write a thank-you note.

Brainstorming:

There are no bad ideas; there are no dumb questions; be prepared to kill your babies; know when to say when; get it down on paper.

Some exercises:

1) The Post-it exercise (Give everyone in the room a pad of sticky notes. The participants then write out any relevant ideas they have, one idea per note, and hand them over to the leader, who reads them aloud);

2) the flipchart exercise (Put a number of flipcharts around the room, each one labeled with a different category or issue. Each team member then goes around the room writing ideas down on the appropriate flipchart. If you like, you can give each team member a different colored marker, so you know whose ideas are whose);

3) Bellyaches up front (For handling a grumbler or rabble-rouser: have the leader or moderator stand behind him, and even touch him on the shoulder occasionally. This lets the troublemaker know that he is being watched. If he mutters an aside, the moderator can ask him to speak up, rather like the teacher who tells the note-passing student, ‘why don't you share it with the class?’).

III Sell solutions

Presentations: be structured; remember diminishing marginal returns to effort (Resist the temptation to tweak your presentation right up to the last minute. Weight the value of a change against a good night's sleep for you and your team. Don't let the best be the enemy of the good); prewire everything.

Display data with charts: keep it simple-one message per chart; use a waterfall chart to show the flow.

Internal communication:

Three keys to an effective message: brevity, thoroughness, and structure.

Confidentiality.

IV Survive

Treat everyone with tremendous respect.

For travel-

Clothing:

An extra shirt or blouse

Spare ties for the men

Spare pair of comfortable flat shoes for the women

Casual clothes

Workout clothes

A cashmere sweater for keeping warm and comfy on overnight flights

Tools:

A writing pad

A pad of graph paper (for hand-drawing charts)

A copy of whatever you sent to the client

An HP 12C calculator

Personal care items:

A toothbrush

A shaving kit for the men

A mini-makeup kit for the women

Antacid tablets

A bottle of Tylenol

A big bottle of Tylenol

Things to keep you organized and in touch:

A personal organizer

Credit cards (I keep them in a separate wallet)

The OAG (or other airline time table)

A cell phone

Directions to the client

Diversions:

A good book

Press clippings to read on the plane

Books on tape, especially if your travel includes long stretches of driving

Video games on laptop computer

If you want a life, lay down some rules:

Make one day a week off-limits;

Don't take work home;

Plan ahead.

V Post-McKinsey life

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